[11] His works were widely translated abroad, appearing in over 40 languages. [11] and have sold over 45 million copies. [11] He did not take his final examinations on purpose, to avoid the career of military doctor, which he suspected could have become lifelong. During later interviews in 2005, Lem expressed his disappointment with the genre of science fiction, and his general pessimism regarding technical progress. Deutsch von Irmtraud Zimmermann-Göllheim. [11] It would be published seven years later, in 1955, as a part of the trilogy Czas nieutracony (Time Not Lost). [20][17][note 2] After receiving absolutorium (Polish term for the evidence of completion of the studies without diploma), he did an obligatory monthly work at a hospital, at a maternity ward, where he assisted at a number of childbirths and a caesarean section. In these interviews Lem speaks about a range of issues rarely he rarely discussed previously. He returned to Poland in 1988. [45] There were several attempts to explain Dick's act. [39] After his eventual American publication, when he became eligible for regular membership, his honorary membership was rescinded. 27 marca 2006 w Krakowie) – polski pisarz gatunku hard science fiction, filozof, futurolog oraz krytyk.. Jego debiutem książkowym była wydana w 1951 roku powieść Astronauci.Kolejne powieści fantastycznonaukowe jego autorstwa to: Obłok Magellana (1955), Eden (1959), Pamiętnik znaleziony w wannie … Deutsch von Irmtraud Zimmermann-Göllheim. Lem had initially held a low opinion of Philip K. Dick (as he did for the bulk of American science fiction) and would later say that this was due to a limited familiarity with Dick's work, since Western literature was hard to come by in Communist Poland. [11] 1961 saw the novels: Memoirs Found in a Bathtub (Pamiętnik znaleziony w wannie), Solaris, and Return from the Stars (Powrót z gwiazd), with Solaris being among his top works. With [number of translations and copies sold], Lem is the most successful author in modern Polish fiction; nevertheless his commercial success in the world is limited, and the bulk of his large editions was due to the special publishing conditions in the Communist countries: Poland, the Soviet Union, and the German Democratic Republic). [11], Lem became truly productive after 1956, when the de-Stalinization period in the Soviet Union led to the "Polish October", when Poland experienced an increase in freedom of speech. [12] In later years Lem sometimes claimed to have been raised Roman Catholic, but he went to Jewish religious lessons during his school years. Will Wright's popular city-planning game SimCity was partly inspired by Lem's short story The Seventh Sally. + yüklüğe çıkarıp üzerime yorganları yığmak. Obituary by Rob Jan", "Sci-fi king Stanisław Lem is still considered master of his genre", "The religion of Stanislaw Lem, science fiction writer", "Jeder Irrwitz ist denkbar Science-fiction-Autor Lem über Nutzen und Risiken der Antimaterie (engl: Each madness is conceivable Science-fiction author Lem about the benefits and risks of anti-matter)", СТАНИСЛАВ ЛЕМ: ГЛУПОСТЬ КАК ДВИЖУЩАЯ СИЛА ИСТОРИИ, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Stanislaw-Lem, https://english.lem.pl/home/reading/interviews/folha-de-spaulo, "Stanislaw Lem – Frequently Asked Questions. In the mid-80s due to health problems he stopped smoking. [11] The following year sees another Tichy novel, Wizja lokalna,[11] and Golem XIV. [81], As of 1984, Lem's writing pattern was to get up a short time before five in the morning and start writing soon after, for 5 or 6 hours before taking a break. Lem). [6] In Poland, in the 1960s and 1970s, Lem remained under the radar of mainstream critics, who dismissed him as a "mass market", low-brow, youth-oriented writer; such dismissal might have given him a form of invisibility from censorship. "[77], Lem was concerned that if the human race attained prosperity and comfort this would lead it to passiveness and degeneration. [24] His writing over the next three decades or so was split between science fiction and essays about science and culture. [11][24], 1965 saw the publication of The Cyberiad (Cyberiada) and of a short story anthology, The Hunt (Polowanie [pl]). copies were sold in Poland after his death, with the annual numbers of 100,000 matching the new bestsellers. So what does the fact that most people eat shit demonstrate […] ?” In other words, just because life behind the Iron Curtain was bad, that didn’t make the United States good. [11] The following year sees another Tichy novel, Wizja lokalna,[11] and Golem XIV. Übersetzung von Kurt Kelm. [39] After his eventual American publication, when he became eligible for regular membership, his honorary membership was rescinded. [11] In 1953 he met and married (civil marriage) Barbara Leśniak, a medical student. This formal action was interpreted by some of the SFWA members as a rebuke for his stance,[40] and it seems that Lem interpreted it as such. [51], A major character in the film Planet 51, an alien Lem, was named by screenwriter Joe Stillman after Stanisław Lem. Lem's critical success in English is due mostly to the excellent translations of Michael Kandel. Other examples include intelligent swarms of mechanical insect-like micromachines (in The Invincible), and strangely ordered societies of more human-like beings in Fiasco and Eden, describing the failure of the first contact. [11] In 1980, he published another set of reviews of non-existent works, Prowokacja. E. Tuzow-Lubański, "Spotkanie ze Stanisławem Lemem", "you cannot conceive of your neighbors from the stars in any connection other than a civilizational one," p91, Golem XIV, Imaginary Magnitude, "the obstinacy of your antropocentrism," p55, Golem XIV, Imaginary Magnitude, "uncertain zigzags of the evolutionary game", p85, Golem XIV, Imaginary Magnitude, Christopher Priest, Introduction, The Cyberiad: Fables for the Cybernetic AgeLem. Lem is the only writer of European [science fiction, most of whose] books have been translated into English, and [...] kept in print in the USA. Stefan Zweig – Carta de una desconocida 428. "[38], Lem was awarded an honorary membership in the Science Fiction Writers of America (SFWA) in 1973. [82], Lem was an aggressive driver. Only in West Germany was Lem really a critical and a commercial success [... and everywhere ...] in recent years interest in him has waned. Tomasz wrote a memoir about his father, Awantury na tle powszechnego ciążenia (Tantrums on the Background of the Universal Gravitation), which contain numerous personal details about Stanisław Lem. Stanisława Lema", "The Many Masks & Faces of Stanisław Lem", "Science Fiction and Communist Reality – Real Heroes: Stanislaw Lem", https://lareviewofbooks.org/article/world-according-stanislaw-lem/, https://www.depauw.edu/sfs/backissues/12/jarzebski12.htm. [11] In 1982, with martial law in Poland declared, Lem moved to West Berlin, where he became a fellow of the Institute for Advanced Study, Berlin (Wissenschaftskolleg zu Berlin). The book also includes Swirski's translation of Lem's retrospective essay "Thirty Years Later", devoted to Lem's nonfictional treatise Summa Technologiae. [17] During the subsequent Nazi occupation (1941–1944), Lem's Jewish family avoided placement in the Nazi Lwów Ghetto, surviving with false papers. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. [11] Ijon Tichy returned in 1971's The Futurological Congress Kongres futurologiczny; in the same year Lem released a genre-mixing experiment, Doskonała próżnia, a collection of reviews of non-existent books. Other examples include intelligent swarms of mechanical insect-like micromachines (in The Invincible), and strangely ordered societies of more human-like beings in Fiasco and Eden, describing the failure of the first contact. Roman. With [number of translations and copies sold], Lem is the most successful author in modern Polish fiction; nevertheless his commercial success in the world is limited, and the bulk of his large editions was due to the special publishing conditions in the Communist countries: Poland, the Soviet Union, and the German Democratic Republic). He studied physics and mathematics at the University of Vienna, and graduated with a degree in physics from Princeton University. [11] In 2013, the Israeli–Polish co-production The Congress was released, inspired by Lem's novel The Futurological Congress. [81], As of 1984, Lem's writing pattern was to get up a short time before five in the morning and start writing soon after, for 5 or 6 hours before taking a break. [25] 1959 saw the publication of three books: Eden, The Investigation (Śledztwo) and the short story anthology An Invasion from Aldebaran (Inwazja z Aldebarana). Solaris (Stanislaw Lem, 1961) Mundo Anillo (Larry Niven, 1970) Los propios dioses (Isaac Asimov, 1972) La paja en el ojo de Dios (Larry Niven y Jerry Pournelle, 1974) El nombre del mundo es Bosque (Ursula K. LeGuin, 1976) El juego de Ender (Orson Scott Card, 1985) Películas. [82], Lem was an aggressive driver. [37], He became increasingly critical of modern technology in his later life, criticizing inventions such as the Internet, which he said "makes it easier to hurt our neighbors. [45] There were several attempts to explain Dick's act. That edition was subject to censorship. [11] 1968 and 1970 saw two more non-fiction treatises, The Philosophy of Chance (Filozofia przypadku) and Science Fiction and Futurology (Fantastyka i futurologia). [11] In 1954, he published a short story anthology, Sezam i inne opowiadania [pl] [Sesame and Other Stories] . Lem never accepted the offer.[39][41]. 2007 – A street in Kraków is to be named in his honour. In 1976 Theodore Sturgeon wrote that Lem was the most widely read science fiction writer in the world. Since the film was intended to be a parody of American pulp science fiction shot in Eastern Europe, Stillman thought that it would be hilarious to hint at the writer whose works have nothing to do with little green men. Lem to jest literatura wysoka, to science fiction jest w jego przypadku nieco mylące. [11] In 1954, he published a short story anthology, Sezam i inne opowiadania [pl] [Sesame and Other Stories] . I knew that my ancestors were Jews, but I knew nothing of the Mosaic faith and, regrettably, nothing at all of Jewish culture. The Summa is notable for being a unique analysis of prospective social, cybernetic, and biological advances;[11] in this work, Lem discusses philosophical implications of technologies that were completely in the realm of science fiction at the time, but are gaining importance today—for instance, virtual reality and nanotechnology. Stendhal – Rojo y Negro 433. Stanisław Lem: Solaris. [28] The best known example is the living planetary ocean in Lem's novel Solaris. [11] In 1982, with martial law in Poland declared, Lem moved to West Berlin, where he became a fellow of the Institute for Advanced Study, Berlin (Wissenschaftskolleg zu Berlin). [22] He was buried at Salwator Cemetery, Sector W, Row 4, grave 17 (Polish: cmentarz Salwatorski, sektor W, rząd 4, grób 17). He viewed the human body as unsuitable for space travel, held that information technology drowns people in a glut of low-quality information, and considered truly intelligent robots as both undesirable and impossible to construct. Lem singled out only one[44] American science fiction writer for praise, Philip K. Dick, in a 1984 English-language anthology of his critical essays, Microworlds: Writings on Science Fiction and Fantasy. [83], Polish science fiction author, futurologist 1921—2006), Relationship with American science fiction, Lech Keller suggests a slightly different reason why Lem did not pursue the diploma: since his father was a functionary of Sanitary Department of the infamous UB (, CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (. [16], After the 1939 Soviet occupation of Eastern Poland, he was not allowed to study at Lwow Polytechnic as he wished because of his "bourgeois origin", and only due to his father's connections he was accepted to study medicine at Lwów University in 1940. 2007 – A street in Kraków is to be named in his honour. [11] He did not take his final examinations on purpose, to avoid the career of military doctor, which he suspected could have become lifelong. [11] 1968 and 1970 saw two more non-fiction treatises, The Philosophy of Chance (Filozofia przypadku) and Science Fiction and Futurology (Fantastyka i futurologia). During that time, Lem earned a living as a car mechanic and welder,[11] and occasionally stole munitions from storehouses (to which he had access as an employee of a German company) to pass them on to the Polish resistance. Find books The Summa is notable for being a unique analysis of prospective social, cybernetic, and biological advances;[11] in this work, Lem discusses philosophical implications of technologies that were completely in the realm of science fiction at the time, but are gaining importance today—for instance, virtual reality and nanotechnology. [46][45] Also it was suggested that Dick was under the influence of strong medications, including opioids, and may have had experienced a "slight disconnect from reality" some time before writing the letter. Thorsten Bothz-Bornstein "The Movie as a Thinking Machine", In: "Stanisław Lem: Jestem jak Robinson Crusoe", a Polish translation of the interview with Lem by. O Stanisławie Lemie, patronie tego roku, opowiada prof. Stanisław Bereś z Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego", "Israeli Polish coproduction 'The Congress' to Open Director's Fortnight in Cannes", Medal Gloria Artis dla twórców i działaczy kultury, Science Fiction Studies #40 = Volume 13, Part 3 = November 1986, Article Abstracts, "UCHWAŁA NR VIII/122/07 Rady Miasta Krakowa z dnia 14 marca 2007 r. w sprawie nazw ulic.
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